The Self Esteem Problems Health And Social Care Essay

The Self Esteem Problems Health And accessible C atomic number 18 EssayINTRODUCTIONSelf think up is every(prenominal) about(predicate) how much we go through valued, loved, accepted and thought well of by others and how much we value, love and accept ourselves. tribe with healthy egotism- rate argon able to get hold well-grounded about them, appreciate their own worth and take pride in their abilities, readinesss and accomplishments. People with junior-grade egotism-importance- esteem may feel as if no sensation will uni division them or accept them or that they cant do well in anythingPeople with heights ego esteem f rugged to be ambitious in what they want to experience in Life, they give way a drive to express them and to communicate openly and h unmatchedstly about their of necessity and desires. People with base egotism-importance esteem r arly live their invigoration to the full, they distance themselves from others, denied their love and support, and uncom fortable with success, some of them even take alcohol and drugs.We all experience problems with self esteem at certain times in our lives-especially during our teens figuring out, where we fit in the world. The take aim of self esteem determines how we operate in life -how we interact with others such as spouse, children, friends, and strangers .It determines our achievements, and our satisfaction and happiness.Self esteem has long been believed to play an important role in the use of alcohol People with alcohol problems often have low self esteem. They judge themselves negatively-not just for their addiction, but also for other parts of their behavior or their personality.Most of the individuals who argon addicted to drugs and alcohol are not happy with their lives and live a life of despair and hopelessness, the major symptom is poor self esteem. Poor self esteem is at the heart of an individuals addiction and dependency and there is an inverse relationship surrounded by alcohol dependency and self esteem, that if a persons self esteem purifys the individuals addictive behavior.1.1. Need For The StudyLow self esteem is one of the causative factor that vast majority of alcohol addicts share in common, low self esteem is challenging in four areas. First they feel that they lack personal power, secondly many with low self esteem feel lacking the affection and attention of others, thirdly low self esteem results when people feel that they lack virtue, often feel unloved, unappreciated and lastly those possessing low self esteem hold themselves as incompetent in one or to a greater extent areas.Several look forers have argued that self esteem poses high jeopardy for alcohol a double-deckere in some populations, including adolescents, college students, and females (Donnelly, 2000).Another area of life that intoxicantics with low Self-Esteem often struggle with their occupation. Perhaps they may lack education, in solveation, skill sets, or the belief in the ir ability to obtain a worthwhile job and so they self-sabotage and then get to the right about the fact that no one wants to hire them. Seeking continuous education is hopeless to those who have such low self-esteem since they recognize themselves as incapable of excelling in the motion of fielding, taking exams, and achieving success in all the systems.Low self- esteem can also manifest as a result of ones inability to generate wealth, they see themselves struggling to survive in a world marked by competition, often struggle with their occupation. Those with low self esteem often resort to addictive behaviors in an effort to numb out the pain and escape to a world that allows them a temporary release from their sufferings and problems1.2. Statement of the ProblemPromotion of self esteem activities among souse dependants1.3. Objectives1.3.1 Assessment the self esteem take aim among drys1.3.2 Association of self esteem and alcoholism1.3.2 Assessment of the effectiveness of se lf esteem activities in promotion of self esteem among soakings.1.4. Assumptions1.4.1. Self esteem level may be low among torrent dependants.1.4.2. Practice of self esteem activities may improve the self esteem level among alcoholic dependants1.5. Operational Definitions1.5.1. PROMOTION- refers to the improvement in level of self esteem among soaking dependants.1.5.2. SELF ESTEEM- perceived self idea of an alcoholic individual1.5.3. ALCOHOLICS- a person craves alcohol, is unable to limit his or her drinking.1.6. Promotion of Self-Esteem Activities Among intoxicantics DependantsConceptualization is the process of specifying what we mean when we use particular damage (Giemman)The conceptual frame lock is derived from Penders health promotion Model. In this drive several(prenominal) characteristics and experience by physical, social psychological and occupational problems may remove the level of self-esteem of the cloudburst patients. Self-Esteem activities are promoted establ ish on the patients problems may bring change in the level of self-esteem. It includes perceived benefit of Self-Esteem activities like Individual and Group activities.PENDERS HEALTH PROMOTION MODELCHAPTER 2REVIEW OF LITERATURE1. Studies related to low self esteem and alcoholism2. Studies related to self esteem activities and alcoholism1. Studies related to low self esteem and alcoholismA study conducted on self esteem and Alcohol use on 61 Alcoholic dependants who were admitted in a rural Midwestern medical bone marrow. An individuals reactions to his or her social environment are mediated by a sense datum of self esteem, low levels of self esteem are develop during Socialization. Results suggest that specific form of social support is important to recovering alcoholic dependants (Steffennhagen and Burns, 2006).A Pearson correlation was calculated examining the relationship between the amounts of alcohol consumed in the past 30 days and self esteem. A low to moderate correlation was fancyt (r (23) =.250, p.05). (Jeremy W.Lawing, 2006).A Study conducted on drinking problems and egotism of college students,148 lower division college students were given the following paper and pencil tests The Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test, and the individualized Self section of The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. College Students are having low self Esteem (F = 4.23, p = .04). Tabulation of the incidence of heavy drinking (31%).Result shows an drinking behavior of college students are having low self esteem(()swego,2005).A study was conducted on the effects of self esteem on substance abuse among dispossessed men. This experimental study involving 305 samples of homeless men was assigned randomly to the treatment group and Control group. Control group was referred to community based services, experimental subjects were exposed to individual therapy, group interventions, life skills and relapse prevention training residing in a 24 Hour shelter for three months. Results indicated that self-esteem was increased in experimental group than in control group (Brandon, 2004).A descriptive study was conducted on self-esteem and alcohol dependants. Study comprises of 2 groups such as alcoholic dependants as one group and non-alcoholics in another group. Study shown that alcoholic dependants have lowered self esteem compared to non alcoholics self esteem (Donnelly, 2003)A study was conducted to compare the level of self esteem among 30 alcoholics and 30 non alcoholic persons. They are prizeed for self esteem apply self esteem scale. The results showed that alcoholics had low self esteem when compared to non alcoholics(PA study conducted to identify the relationship between alcohol wasting disease and self esteem. Study comprises of 26 Samples (Employees of local retail store), their self esteem was assessed by using Rosenbergs self esteem scale. Results showed that alcohol consumption is strongly related to self esteem (T.F.Heatherson,2000).A Study cond ucted on how self esteem influences alcohol consumption Study comprises of 61 samples. Over the course of two weekends self esteem was measured using Rosenbergs self esteem scale. Study showed the results that self esteem is negatively correlated with alcohol consumption. In a study on adolescents drinking behavior, adolescents with high self esteem reported consuming less alcohol than adolescents with low self esteem. (Gerrerd, Russell, 2000A cross-sectional survey design investigated the relationship of substance use and self esteem. Self -esteem was assessed using Hare self-conceit Scale. Four atomic number 6 and eleven samples were completed the survey. Results revealed that there is a direct relationship between alcohol use and self-esteem (F=12.8,df=2,343,p,.00001).Regardless recent alcohol abusers had the lowest self-esteem piles and never users had the highest removes(F.X.Gibbons,2000).A study says that low self-esteem is the universal common denominator among all people suffering from addictions. Low self-esteem is the true disease and it is the vestigial origin of all problematic behaviors that plagues the world (Candito, 1996).A prospective study of self-esteem and Alcohol Use Disorders in Early Adulthood. The relation among Self-esteem and Alcohol use disorder diagnoses was examined in a sample of 240 men evaluated at four annual assessments over the college years. The results support clinical observations that low self esteem plays a particularly important it eological role in alcohol problems in men (Fromme.K, 1989).A number of studies have indicated that adolescents who refrain from drinking alcohol have higher self-esteem than do adolescents who drink. The questionnaire used in this study included the Adolescent Alcohol Involvement Scale which has fourteen questions about alcohol use, the Rosenberg (1965) Self-esteem Scale, (Mendel son, Mock, Erbaugh, 1984).2. Studies related to self esteem activities and alcoholismA Study conducted on ho w group activity has an impact on self esteem among alcoholics. Study comprises 40 samples, 20 patients undergone group activities for 12 weeks in an inpatient setting and 20 patients as control groups. Patients in the intervention group showed significant enhancement in self esteem, social skills and self confidence where as there is no changes observed in control group (John Wiley, 2009)A Study was conducted how utilization of self esteem programs (Holistic Addiction Treatment Programme) plays an important role in Relapse prevention. Study comprises of 145 samples. Results show that 70 to 90 percentages, self esteem programs are effective in Relapse prevention and over all well-being to the treatment of recovering alcoholics (Harry Henshaw, 2007).A Study conducted on self esteem activities among Alcoholic patients. Study comprises of 43 samples, volunteers in the group undergone self esteem activities along with drug treatment, the other group only underwent drug treatment. Pretes t-posttest comparison on a variety of physiological parameters indicated that significant improvements had occurred in psychological wellbeing including self esteem, self awareness, lifestyle adaptation and relapse prevention skills. Results suggest that promotion of self esteem activities improves self esteem among alcoholic dependants (Michael Peterson, Bryan johnstone, 2003)A study conducted on self-esteem and alcoholism among high school students total sample was 140(55males and 85 females) high school students. The questionnaire used in this study included the Adolescent Alcohol Involvement Scale (Moberg, 1983) which has fourteen questions about alcohol use, the Rosenberg (1965) Self-esteem Scale, and the Beck Depression list (Beck, Ward, Mendel son, Mock, Erbaugh, 1961). Study has showed that indicated that adolescents who refrain from drinking alcohol have higher self-esteem than do adolescents who drink (Butler, 1980 Young, Werch, Brakeman 1989)CHAPTER 3MATERIALS AND METH ODSDesigning a research involves the development of plan or strategy that will guide the collection and analysis of data. The present study is designed to promote the Self-esteem among Alcoholic Patients. The methodology of the study constitutes research design, setting, population and have criteria for the selection of samples and tool for data collection.3.1. One Group Pre Test Post Test Design3.2. Setting This study was conducted in Kasthuriba Gandhi De-Addiction Centre, Coimbatore. The De-Addiction centre consists of 25 bedded3.3. Population The overall population for the study was alcoholic patients who were admitted in the Kasthuriba Gandhi DE-Addiction Centre from 28.06.2010 to 25.07.2010.3.4 Sample size And Sampling Technique Purposive sampling Technique was used to select samples who were admitted in the Kasthuriba Gandhi De-Addiction Centre during the period of study.30 patients were selected as samples during the study.3.5. Criteria for Selection of the SampleInclusion C riteriaPatients who were admitted in Kasthuriba Gandhi De-Addiction CentreAlcoholic patients with Low self esteemExclusion CriteriaPatients who are not willing to participate in the study.Alcoholic dependants associated with Psychotic symptoms.3.5. Instruments and Tool for Data Collection The tool was prepared based on review of literature and guidance of experts from the field of Psychiatry.Section I This section includes demographic variables like age, education, family Income, occupation, marital status, marital disharmony, Type of Family Duration of Alcohol intake Consumption of alcohol, physical and psychological problems.Section II This section consists of modified Rutgerss Alcohol Problem Index scale. It is a useful tool to assess the problem index among alcoholic patients. It consists of 15 questions.Section III This section has an index to measure persons self-esteem. It consists of 20 statements to assess the level of self-esteem of alcoholic dependants. whip Interpretatio n Self -Esteem Assessment Scale consists of 20 statements of assessment of patients level of self esteem.The total score is 60, patient who scores the item 3 and more than 46 is having low self-esteem.Section IV This section consists of intervention for Low self -Esteem such as Individual activities and Group activities.Individual Activities Promoting individually execute activities. The patients are encouraged to do individual activities such as Art writing and Reading Newspapers.Group Activities Group activities is two or more individuals merge together to promote an same activity. Patients are encouraged to do psychodrama (Group was given a theme, group members act out based on the theme) and Outdoor games (Tenniequots)3.6. Variables of the studyIndependent variable Self-esteem activities.Dependant variable Alcoholic dependants.3.7. Techniques for Data Analysis and InterpretationThe tables were formulated for base line information such as age, education, occupation, type of fam ily, marital disharmony, income per month, amount of alcohol intake, duration of alcohol intake, physical and psychological symptoms.Paired test was used to analyze the significant difference in the level of self-esteem before and after promoting self esteem activities.3.7.1. Pairedttest The test was used to point out the effect of promotion of self esteem activities among alcoholic patients.t=dSD/ nSD= (d-d)Here d=Mean difference between pretest and posttest score.SD=Standard Deviation of the Pre test and post test Soren=Number of Samples.Pilot study reportPilot study was conducted for a period of 2 weeks, from 28th May 2010 to 11th May 2010, to test the practicableness of the tool and feasibility of conducting the main study. Study was conducted in psychiatrical ward of P S G Hospital. For pilot study 5 samples were selected. Data were accumulate by interview method.Through the pilot study it was proved that self esteem activities in promotion of self esteem. The researcher wou ld like to continue the study to promote self esteem among alcoholic dependants.Changes brought after pilot studyDuring the pilot study, self esteem level was assessed and found to be low among alcoholic dependants.CHAPTER 4DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONThe process of evaluating data using analytical and logical reasoning to examine each component of the data provided. This form of analysis is just one of the many steps that must be completed when conducting a research experiment. Data from various sources gathered, reviewed, and then analyzed to form some sort of finding or conclusion. There are a variety of specific data analysis method, some of which include data mining, text edition analytics, business intelligence, and data visualizations.4.1. General Profile of alcoholic Dependants1. AgeAmong thirty alcoholic dependants, sixsome patients were at the age of 21-30 years, fifteen patients were at the age of 31-40years, 7 patients were at the age between 41-50 years and two p atients were between 51-60years.2. EducationMost of the alcoholic dependants were completed their secondary education, seven patients had completed primary education, six patients completed higher secondary education and seven had graduate degree.3. OccupationA. Type of figure outIt was found that ten were doing business, fiver were farmers, four were engineers, two were bus drivers and there was one from each category like tailor, rashion shop, goldsmith, shopkeeper, hotel supervisor, massion, mandapam decorator, Carpentor, cable TV Manager.B. Hours of WorkHours of work for alcoholic dependants were varying from6-15 hrs. Most of them nineteen were working between 11-15 hrs and eleven patients were working 6-10 hours per day.C. Income per MonthIncome of alcoholic dependants varied depends upon their occupation, fifteen were earning between Rs.6000-10000 per month, eight patients were earning between Rs.11000-15000 per month, four were earning between Rs.1000-5000 per month, three patients were earning between Rs 16000-20000 per month.D. Conflict in Work AreaMajority of alcoholic dependants, twenty expressed no conflict in work area and ten had conflict in their work area.4. Family historyA. Marital statusTwenty four patients were married, six patients were unmarried.B. Marital disharmony cardinal alcoholic dependants came out with the problem of and only eleven patients had no such problems.C. Relationship with spouseAmong the alcoholic dependants, dozen patients were maintaining good relationship with their spouse and twelve patients were not maintaining good relationship with spouse.D. Relationship with childrenTwenty two were maintaining good relationship with their children and two patients were not maintaining good relationship with children.E. Type of FamilyAmong twenty four alcoholic dependants, six patients were from joint family and eighteen from nuclear family.F. Family register of AlcoholismThere is no family history of alcohol intake among twen ty five alcoholic dependants and only five patients were having the family history of alcoholism.5. Social HistoryA. Social SupportAmong thirty alcoholic dependants, one had Peer group support, three had support from friends, and twenty six had family support.6. Alcoholic HistoryA. Duration of Alcohol inhalant In yearsDuration of 11-15-years of alcohol intake was found among fifteen alcoholic dependants, 6-10years among ten alcoholic dependants, 1-5years among three alcoholic dependants and 16-20 years among two alcoholic dependants.B. Consumption of Alcohol started byMost of the patients twenty five were started consuming alcohol through friends, three started by their relatives and two started by their family members.C. Quantity of Alcohol when started (Bear in ml)Majority of the alcoholic dependants, twenty three started with 100-300ml of bear while seven alcoholic dependants were stated with 700-900ml of bear.D. Quantity of Alcohol at present (Hot)At present eleven alcoholic de pendants was consuming 700-900ml of hot which is more than nineteen alcoholic dependants consuming 400-600ml.E. Time of drinking AlcoholAmong thirty alcoholic dependants, twelve patients were taking alcohol in the evening, four were taking alcohol in the morning and evening, fourteen were taking alcohol throughout the day.F. Money spent on Alcohol ConsumptionAmong thirty alcoholic dependants, most of them twenty two spent Rs 4000-6000per month for alcohol consumption seven spent Rs7000-9000 per month and one spent Rs 1000-3000 per month.G. Motivation for treatment of AlcoholismMaximum number of patients thirteen were motivated by self, seven were motivated by already treated patients in de-addiction centre, five were motivated by family members and five were motivated by Relatives.H. Reason for AlcoholismSeventeen patients were started on alcoholism due to psychological factors such as wifes death, job stress etc, thirteen patients were started due to peer group pressure and none ha d the reason of physical and psychiatric illness. shelve 4 1demographic DATA OF ALCOHOLIC PATIENTS1AGE IN YEARS21-30631-401541-50751-6522EDUCATIONPrimary7 secondary10Higher secondary6Graduate73OCCUPATIONA.TYPE OF WORKBusiness10Farmer5Tailor1Accountant in Rashionshop1Goldsmith1Hotel Supervisor1Driver2Construction Worker1Engineers4Mandapam Decorator1Carpenter1Cable T.V. Manager1B.HOURS OF WORK6 101111 1519C.INCOME PER MONTH1000-500046000-10,0001511,000-15,000816,000-20,0003D.CONFLICT IN WORK AREAPresent10 transfer204FAMILY HISTORYA.MARITAL HISTORYMarried24 champion6B.MARITAL DISHARMONYPresent13Absent11C.RELATIONSHIP WITH SPOUSEMaintains good relationship12Not maintains good relationship12D.RELATIONSHIP WITH CHILDRENMaintains good relationship22Not maintains good relationship2E.TYPE OF FAMILYJoint family6Nuclear family18F.FAMILY HISTORY OF ALCOHOLISMPresent5Absent25SOCIAL HISTORYA.SOCIAL SUPPORTNeighbors0Peer group1Friends3Family265ALCOHOLIC HISTORYA.DURATION OF ALCOHOL usance IN YE ARS1 536 101011 151516-202B.CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL STARTED BYFriends25Family members2Relatives3Self0C.QUANTITY OF ALCOHOL WHEN STARTED (BEAR) ML100-30023400-6007700-9000D.QUQNTITY OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AT PRESENT(HOT)ML100-3000400-60019700-90011E.TIME OF DRINKING ALCOHOLMorning0Evening12Both4Throughout the Day14F.MONEY SPENT ON ALCOHOLISM1000-300014000-6000227000-90007G.MOTIVATION FOR TREATMENT OF ALCOHOLISMFamily members5Relatives5Self13Treated patients0H.REASON FOR ALCOHOLISMPhysical Illness0Psychiatric Illness0Psychological Illness17Peer group Influence134.2. Assessment of Problem Index among Alcoholic DependantsAmong thirty alcoholic dependants, Majority of alcoholic dependants are not able to work, inability to carryout responsibilities, had fight with relatives, neglected by relatives, advised by relatives and friends, to stop alcohol, noticed a change in personality, most of them felt guilty,neede more alcohol to get the same effect previous one, and felt physically and p sychologically dependant on Alcoholism.TABLE 2ASSESSMENT OF PROBLEM INDEXn=30S.NoPROBLEM STATEMENTS12341Not Able To Work1015502Neglected Responsibilities1015503Had Fight With Others205504Neglected By Relatives1014605Advised By friends, neighbours, relatives to stop alcohol0201006Kept Promised To Stop Drinking1012807Noticed A Change In Personality1216208Felt Guilty023709Forgetting Places16140010Fainted Suddenly2640011Gone Suddenly2631012Needed More Alcohol To Get The same Effect As Of previous One0206413Tried To Control Drinking1686014Stopped Drinking Because Of Withdrawal Symptoms20100015Felt physical or Psychologically dependant On Alcohol016104Score Interpretation 1.None of the Time, 2.1-2 Time, 3.3-4 Times, 4.More than five times4.3. Assessment of Level of Self-Esteem among alcoholic DependantsFifty one patients were got admitted in kasthuriba Gandhi de-Addiction Centre, Coimbatore in the month of July. Among them thirty alcoholic dependants were selected for the study based on t he exclusion criteria. Level of self-esteem was assessed for each patient by using self-esteem assessment tool. All thirty alcoholic dependants were having low self-esteem that they beat anger when criticized, afraid to try new things, showing difficulty in performing social activities and social interaction. All the alcoholic Dependants were scored the level of self-esteem score between50-60.4.4. Promotion of Self-Esteem ActivitiesSelf-Esteem activities are promoted by scheduling as individual and group activities. Individual activities are promoted in the morning and group activities are promoted in the evening to boost up self-esteem among Alcoholic dependants.TABLE 3Self-Esteem Activities ProtocolS. NoTimeActivities1MorningIndividual Activities8.30-9.30amA. Self Reporting11.00-12.00NoonB. Art Writing2AfternoonGroup Activities1.30-3.00PmA. Psychodrama3.30-5.00PmB. TenniquoiteTABLE 4ASSESSMENT OF SELF-ESTEEM BEFORE PROMOTING SELF-ESTEEM ACTIVITIESn=30S. NoLevel of Self-EsteemNo. of. Patients Pre test1.Self- Esteem Score (46)30SCORE INTERPRETATION Problems with low self-esteem are indicated by a total score higher than 46TABLE 5ASSESSMENT OF SELF-ESTEEM AFTER PROMOTING SELF-ESTEEM ACTIVITIESn=30S. NoLevel of self-EsteemNo. of. PatientsPretestPost test1.Self-Esteem Score(300TABLE 6COMPARISON OF SELF-ESTEEM BEFORE AND AFTER PROMOTING SELF-ESTEEM ACTIVITIESn=30S. NoLevel of Self-EsteemPre testPost test1Self-Esteem Score(46)30302.Self-Esteem Score(030INTERPRETATION Thirty alcoholic Dependants were scored 46 before promoting Self-Esteem activities. But after promoting Self-Esteem Activities they have scored TABLE 7Difference in pretest and Posttest Self-Esteem Score of Alcoholic DependantsS. NoPretest ScorePosttest ScoreDifference156332325436223563224456322455530256543321752342285233219553322105532231154312312543024135633231454312315553223165633231756332318543321